Perspective Of Power Relations Research Articles

Mechanisms of Women’s Empowerment: A Perspective of Power Relations

Mechanisms of Women’s Empowerment: A Perspective of Power Relations

Did #METOO advance the feminist movement in China? A typical Chinese case study of sexual harassment. Impact of power relations and morality

The #METOO campaign sparked worldwide attention to the issue of sexual harassment in 2017. Shortly afterward, sexual harassment cases also followed in Chinese universities. This study uses framing theory and content analysis, analyzing typical case news reports after the rise of the #METOO movement. Firstly, the study showed that Chinese news media mostly reported with social frame and individual frame, and seldom used the gender discrimination frame. Secondly, Although Chinese media actively promoted the progress and solution of sexual harassment cases, they mainly solved the problem from the perspective of power relations and failed to continue to dig into the problem of sexism. However, the way of reporting from the perspective of power relations may further influence the teachers’ image in China and even bring negative stereotypes.

Relationship, Discourse and Construction: The Power Process and Environmental Impact of the Honghe Hani Rice Terraces as a World Heritage Site.

The coexistence of conservation and degradation is a challenge for protected areas, and unequal political and social power is the mechanism underlying this conservation paradox. The World Heritage site of the Honghe Hani Rice Terraces (HHRT) has important natural and cultural value, but despite the enormous investment in protecting the site, the rice terraces continue to degrade, and much of the degradation has been unexpected. This study attempts to reveal the mechanism of these unintended protection outputs from the perspective of power relations. After reviewing the literature on the political ecology of protected areas, this study further considers the conceptual framework of power in view of the ambiguity of the concept and integrates the themes from research on protected areas into the power analysis framework of political ecology. Three aspects of the power process and environmental impact of heritage sites are analyzed: the actor network, conservation discourse and natural reconstruction. The results reveal that power among actors in the HHRT has changed over the course of continuous interaction, power has been produced and re-established in different relational networks, and the exercise of power has changed and reshaped the natural environment of the heritage site through a series of spatial planning decisions. Conservation discourse related to heritage is an important way for actors to establish and exercise power. However, due to spatial differences in the allocation of power, local development opportunities are unbalanced. In this unbalanced relationship, in order to maintain or strive for development opportunities and achieve economic development, residents of the HHRT have reshaped the natural environment by changing their farming methods and traditional planting methods, posing a potential threat to the sustainable development of the heritage site.

Nursing supervision: interfaces with power relations in family health.

To analyze nursing supervision from the perspective of power relations in family health. An exploratory, descriptive and interpretive research with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 37 workers from six health teams in a city in the countryside of São Paulo. They were submitted to thematic content analysis, based on the health work process theoretical framework and Foucault's power category. Two thematic categories were constructed: Nursing supervision from the perspective of surveillance and control in relationships of disciplinary power in family health; The duality of nursing supervision in family health between oppressive power and positive power. The power present in nursing supervision is expressed as control and producer of things, which not only oppresses, but also has positive effects on building healthy work environments, valuing interactions, establishing trust, strengthening teamwork and supporting workers, aspects that result in the promotion of psychological safety in family health.

Kontestasi dan Negosiasi Kepentingan dalam Implementasi Sistem Siaran Jaringan Televisi di Indonesia

This paper intends to show that the explanation for the failure of the private television network broadcast system in Indonesia --which was actually mandated in the 2002 Broadcasting Law – lies not in one single determinant factor but should be seen in the perspective of power relations that mutually constitute the arrangement of communication resources in Indonesia. Based on the experience of 17 years of the Broadcasting Law, there were four parties involved in the contestation and negotiations on the implementation of SSJ: private stations owners, government, parliament (DPR) and Indonesian Broadcasting Commission (KPI). Among all the contesting groups, the association of ten giant national television station is the most consistent gorup in pusuing their own specific interests. The owners of the private national television stations persistently tried to thwart the implementation of the SSJ. On the other hand, the other three camps continuously show different approach and attitude toward the issue, which reflect its ever changing context and actors involved in its institutions . Keywords : Television Network System, Indonesian Broadcasting Law 2002, Association of Private Television Stations, Ministry of Communication and Information, Indonesian Broadcasting Commission

Towards a Safe and Respectful Campus: Perspectives of Multicultural Education

This paper argues that multicultural education is an essential way of creating a safe and respectful campus. Examined from the perspective of power relations, schools are viewed as a site that helps maintain existing power relations by reinforcing the assimilation ideology. A drawback of this is that only one set of perspectives is valued. As a result, students who are not part of the norm are more likely to be treated unfairly in school. This may impose a negative effect on their learning as school is not a safe environment for them. To create a safe and respectful campus, multicultural education has to be incorporated as it helps students foster multiple perspectives and learn to embrace diversity. This paper first defines multicultural education. Secondly, it illustrates why multicultural issues should be examined in the framework of power relations. Then, it focuses on exploring the assimilation ideology and the role schools play in the process of assimilation. In this section, it analyzes how students are endangered by assimilation, and the case of the Yeh Yong-Zi event in Taiwan is also examined. Finally, it discusses in what ways multicultural education could help establish a safe and respectful campus culture.

PATTERNS OF BEHAVIOUR IN THE MANAGER-EMPLOYEE RELATIONSHIP – THE RESULTS OF EMPIRICAL RESEARCH IN POLISH BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS

Purpose: The purpose of the article is to identify patterns of organizational behaviour for the manager-employee relationship and to identify differences in this respect depending on the position of the individual in the organizational structure against the background of the official business relationship on the basis of the empirical research in Polish business organizations.Methodology/approach: The tool used in the study was a standardized WAZO questionnaire designed to examine organizational solutions and organizational behaviours, both from the general perspective and broken down to behavioural dimensions, conducted in 2015 on a representative randomly selected group of 2274 employees from 40 Polish companies.Findings: Using a proprietary research questionnaire, three patterns of behaviour have been identified for the manager-employee relationship: traditional, contemporary and future, described by way of components such as the scope of power, power distance, the basis of the manager's power, the method of selection of information and the degree of stability of power. The obtained results indicate that in Polish organizations dominate contemporary behavioural patterns for the first four mentioned criteria, whereas for the last one - degree of stability of power, the dominant pattern of behaviour was the traditional pattern.Implications/limitations: Empirical studies do not take into account all elements of behaviour from the perspective of power relations, due to research limitations. Nonetheless, characterising the behavioural patterns using various criteria is universal and widely used. In addition, research on this subject is very subjective - although the research tool was standardized, the results mainly depend on how people perceive their relationships with the authorities.Originality/value: The article shows on the basis of the proprietary questionnaire the contemporary patterns of behaviour from the perspective of power relations, and recommendations for practice. Managers who know certain patterns of behaviour will be able to model employees' attitudes towards work and to shape relevant social relationships. As for employees, they may be inspired to modify their own behaviours, in accordance with the requirements of the organizational environment.

FAMÍLIA E BIOPOLÍTICA: A DESTRUIÇÃO DA INTIMIDADE NAS SOCIEDADES CONTEMPORÂNEAS

O presente artigo busca problematizar a instituição familiar contemporânea partindo de uma abordagem histórica que remonta ao período de consolidação do modelo familiar burguês. Optou-se por analisar a instituição familiar na perspectiva das relações de poder tal como proposto por Michel Foucault. Especificamente, foi utilizada a concepção do autor de biopolítica, uma vertente do poder que se dirige às especificidades do corpo vivo. Para tanto, foi selecionada a questão da sexualidade como elemento historicamente presente nas transformações do modelo familiar: de uma família fechada sobre si e na qual a sexualidade era velada e reprimida, passou-se à família atual na qual estes mesmos temas ganham visibilidade e discussão em um espaço ampliado. Em seguida, questionam-se os efeitos da abertura familiar por uma intervenção biopolítica. Por fim, foi possível demonstrar que está em curso uma destruição sistemática da intimidade iniciada pelas intervenções biopolíticas e protagonizada por aqueles que resistem, de algum modo, às determinações do poder.

Local intentions to participate in ecotourism development in Taiwan’s Atayal communities

ABSTRACTBy applying the theoretical concepts of planned behaviors and social exchange, this study aims to examine the decisive factors that influence the behavioral intentions of local residents in three Atayal communities in Yilan County, Taiwan, to participate in the community development of ecotourism. This study uses AMOS software to perform structural equation modeling. The results of the study indicate that (1) residents’ attitudes toward community-based ecotourism development, perceived behavioral control, and perceived social benefits have significant correlations with their behavioral intentions and that (2) respondents involved in community-related organizations have more positive behavioral intentions. Due to their location in remote areas to which tourists rarely venture, these three Atayal communities lack the incentives to attract tourists or to trigger the participation of the broader community in ecotourism development with the promise of sharing tourism revenue. Most Atayal residents in the research area clearly lack the ‘rights to develop’ and the ‘means to get involved’. From the perspective of power relations, this study could contribute insight into the theoretical and empirical implications of hierarchical influences to examine the political–economic inferiority of indigenous behavioral intentions toward community-based ecotourism development.

Coaching executives as tacit performance evaluation: a multiple case study

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine organizational perceptions regarding the coaching process as an evaluation tool. Methodology – The research method used is a multiple case study based on the author’s work with coached executives in eight organizations in Israel. Texts of 79 coaching encounters with executives, their directors and human resource personnel, were analyzed. Text analysis was performed through a qualitative method. Findings – The research findings provide evidence of the intensity of the coaching practice as a tacit evaluating tool for organizational functioning, in relation to five focusses: the selection of executives for the coaching meetings, the participants’ perception of their participation in the coaching process, the organizational control wishes, how participants deal with organizational supervision and confidentiality. Research limitation – Research findings are discussed from a perspective of power relations in the organization, and their significance is presented. Practical implication – The usage of the coaching tool, not only for its original purpose, but also for evaluating and controlling executives tacitly, can hurt the coaching process, and its authenticity. Originality value – The concept of “tacit evaluation” was developed for this research, and the concept of the coaching process as a tacit tool of control and supervision can help us to better understand the coaching process, and its covert and overt components.

Politics of Hunger and Development: A Sociological Review of India’s Developmental Discourse

This paper attempts to address the problem of hunger from the viewpoint of its social face against the backdrop of fast growing economy of India. Current sad state of affairs in the domain of poverty and hunger are nothing but the cumulative result of what happens in the Indian development planning since Independence, or at least in the name of development planning. This paper sociologically examines three most critical events in the history of Indian development planning, which are introduced to mitigate hunger and poverty, in both urban and rural India. The central focus of this paper is to highlight politics of those development initiatives and liquidation of public planning at the level of implementation, which eventually increased the gap between rich and poor, and left the Indian poor to their own fate. This paper also examines the most significant aspect of delinking power relations from the development discourse of India by providing more room for populist ideas with an aim to gain political mileage by the ruling elite. The present state of affairs with respect to poverty and hunger coupled with low standards of health, literacy and social awareness in India call for serious introspection. This paper, therefore, critically looks at Indian development discourse from the perspective of power relations, both established and emerging, which could alter our views on India and its growth story.